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NEW QUESTION # 561
Why should the security analyst disable/remove unnecessary ISAPI filters?
Answer: D
Explanation:
ISAPI (Internet Server Application Programming Interface) filters are DLLs used to extend the functionality of Microsoft IIS (Internet Information Services). If unnecessary or outdated ISAPI filters are enabled, they can introduce vulnerabilities or backdoors that attackers may exploit to launch web server-based attacks.
From the CEH v13 Official Courseware:
* Module 14: Hacking Web Servers
* Section: Web Server Vulnerabilities
* Subsection: Common Web Server Misconfigurations
CEH v13 states:
"Unnecessary ISAPI filters and extensions should be disabled or removed, as they may introduce unneeded attack surfaces on the web server. Attackers may exploit vulnerabilities in these filters to gain unauthorized access, execute code remotely, or escalate privileges on the server." This is part of a broader hardening strategy to reduce the web server's attack surface.
Incorrect Options:
* A. Social engineering involves manipulating people, not software vulnerabilities.
* C. Jailbreaking refers to bypassing restrictions on mobile devices.
* D. Wireless attacks are unrelated to web server software components.
Reference:CEH v13 Study Guide - Module 14: Hacking Web Servers # Topic: "Disabling Unnecessary Services and ISAPI Filters"Microsoft IIS Security Best Practices - Official Documentation
NEW QUESTION # 562
Which DNS resource record can indicate how long any "DNS poisoning" could last?
Answer: D
Explanation:
DNS poisoning (also known as DNS cache poisoning) occurs when a malicious actor injects false DNS data into a DNS resolver's cache. The poisoned entry will persist for the duration of its TTL (Time To Live), which is defined in the DNS SOA (Start of Authority) record.
The SOA record contains several fields including:
Serial number
Refresh
Retry
Expire
Minimum TTL
The Minimum TTL value in the SOA record determines how long a DNS resolver should cache the DNS data
- including any potentially poisoned data.
From CEH v13 Official Courseware:
Module 3: Scanning Networks
Topic: DNS Enumeration & Poisoning
CEH v13 Study Guide states:
"The SOA record includes a minimum TTL value that dictates how long DNS information should be cached by other DNS servers. If DNS cache poisoning occurs, the false information will persist until the TTL expires." Incorrect Options:
A: MX (Mail Exchange) defines mail servers, not TTLs.
C: NS (Name Server) specifies authoritative servers, not caching durations.
D: TIMEOUT is not a valid DNS resource record.
Reference:CEH v13 Study Guide - Module 3: DNS Records # SOA Record Structure and TTLRFC 1035 - Domain Names: Implementation and Specification (Section 3.3.13)
NEW QUESTION # 563
Sam is a penetration tester hired by Inception Tech, a security organization. He was asked to perform port scanning on a target host in the network. While performing the given task, Sam sends FIN/ACK probes and determines that an RST packet is sent in response by the target host, indicating that the port is closed.
What is the port scanning technique used by Sam to discover open ports?
Answer: A
Explanation:
TCP Maimon scan
This scan technique is very similar to NULL, FIN, and Xmas scan, but the probe used here is FIN/ACK. In most cases, to determine if the port is open or closed, the RST packet should be generated as a response to a probe request. However, in many BSD systems, the port is open if the packet gets dropped in response to a probe.
https://nmap.org/book/scan-methods-maimon-scan.html
How Nmap interprets responses to a Maimon scan probe
Probe Response Assigned State
No response received (even after retransmissions) open|filtered
TCP RST packet closed
ICMP unreachable error (type 3, code 1, 2, 3, 9, 10, or 13) filtered
NEW QUESTION # 564
Ben purchased a new smartphone and received some updates on it through the OTA method. He received two messages: one with a PIN from the network operator and another asking him to enter the PIN received from the operator. As soon as he entered the PIN, the smartphone started functioning in an abnormal manner.
What is the type of attack performed on Ben in the above scenario?
Answer: D
Explanation:
In CEH v13 Module 17: Mobile and IoT Security, Advanced SMS Phishing (also known as SMiShing) is described as a technique where attackers impersonate trusted entities via SMS to:
Trick users into entering authentication codes or PINs.
Deliver malicious payloads or alter device configurations.
Simulate OTA (Over-the-Air) provisioning messages.
In this case:
The attacker sends a fake OTA setup message asking for a PIN.
Once Ben enters the PIN, the device's configuration is hijacked.
Why Others Are Incorrect:
B: Bypass SSL pinning: Relates to mobile app reverse engineering and traffic interception.
C: Phishing: General term; SMS-specific variant is more accurate here.
D: Tap 'n ghost: A touch screen manipulation attack, unrelated to messaging.
Correct answer is A. Advanced SMS phishing.
Reference:
Module 17 - Mobile Threat Vectors # SMS-Based Attacks
CEH iLabs: Simulating OTA Attacks and SMiShing on Android Devices
NEW QUESTION # 565
Hackers often raise the trust level of a phishing message by modeling the email to look similar to the internal email used by the target company. This includes using logos, formatting, and names of the target company.
The phishing message will often use the name of the company CEO, President, or Managers. The time a hacker spends performing research to locate this information about a company is known as?
Answer: A
Explanation:
Reconnaissance is the first phase of ethical hacking and also part of the cyber kill chain. It involves gathering publicly available information about a target, such as employee names, company structure, and branding, which is later used in social engineering or phishing attacks.
Reference - CEH v13 Official Study Guide:
Module 2: Footprinting and Reconnaissance
Quote:
"Reconnaissance involves gathering information from public sources such as websites, social networks, and press releases. This is used to craft targeted phishing messages or exploit organizational weaknesses." Incorrect Options Explained:
A & B. Not formal terms in ethical hacking.
D: Enumeration involves interacting with systems to extract technical data.
NEW QUESTION # 566
......
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